Cross Site Scripting (XSS)

Cross Site Scripting (XSS) is a type of cyber attack that allows an attacker to inject malicious code into a web page viewed by other users. The malicious code, often in the form of JavaScript, is executed by the browser of the unsuspecting user, allowing the attacker to steal sensitive information or perform other malicious actions.

XSS attacks are typically carried out by injecting malicious code into a web page through a form input or URL parameter. For example, an attacker may inject a script into a search box on a website, which is then executed by the browser of anyone who uses that search box. The attacker can then steal sensitive information, such as login credentials, from the victim's browser.

Another common form of XSS is known as "stored XSS," where the attacker injects the malicious code into a website's database. This type of attack can be especially dangerous as it can affect multiple users over an extended period of time.

To prevent XSS attacks, web developers must take steps to properly validate and sanitize user input. This can include using techniques such as input filtering, encoding, and blacklisting to prevent malicious code from being executed by the browser. Additionally, web developers should be aware of the potential vulnerabilities in their web applications and implement security measures such as Content Security Policy (CSP) and HTTP-only cookies to mitigate the risk of XSS attacks.

It is also important for users to be aware of the risks associated with XSS attacks and to be cautious when clicking on links or entering personal information on unfamiliar websites.

In conclusion, XSS attacks are a serious threat to web security, and both web developers and users must take steps to prevent them. By implementing proper input validation and sanitization, using security measures such as CSP, and being aware of the risks, we can help to protect ourselves and others from the damaging effects of XSS attacks.

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